STRUCTURAL MEMBRANES 2023

Shape-adaptive Climate Loading of Tensile Surface Structures

  • Zajac, Zbyněk (Brno University of Technology)
  • Lang, Rostislav (Brno University of Technology)
  • Němec, Ivan (Brno University of Technology)

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Permanent tensile surface structures are expected to withstand climatic loads throughout the year. In the summertime may rain heavily and in case of an insufficient design water may accumulate on the surface. This phenomenon is called the ponding effect. On the other hand, the structure is loaded in the winter by snow that may slip from the higher areas and accumulate in the most inconvenient place such as a drainage funnel. The most common types of structure failures have been described in [1]. Calculation of the proper climatic load on a complex tensile surface structure might be a demanding task to evaluate. [2] It is apparent that the inclination of a membrane surface is usually large and unequal. In order to facilitate the phenomena occurrence verification specialized tools for ponding effect evaluation and a snow load application according to the inclination were developed. In cooperation with FEM consulting, s.r.o. and Dlubal Software GmbH the algorithms have been implemented to the finite element analysis software. The utilization of the algorithms for the membrane structure design is demonstrated in the contribution. The real behavior such as slipping of snow is taken into consideration, because the final distribution of snow on the surface is crucial. Furthermore, the complexity of snow load accumulation was confirmed. The effect from accumulated snow is not straightforward, due to the induced horizontal forces that need to be determined. Those forces may lead to material failure if not properly considered, hence a new approach for considering spatial action is proposed. On the other hand, the proper calculation of snow load according to the inclination may lead to a lower amount of load on the structure compared with the common loading method. So the utilization of the algorithm may indirectly reduce financial expenses. The contribution summarizes climatic load evaluation on the tensile surface structures, draws attention to the importance of the proper loading and points out the risk of load accumulation.